Klein D.R., McCullough D.R., Diaz B.A., Cheville N., Graham R.W., Gross J.E., MacMahon J., Mathews N.E., Patten D.T., Ralls K. et al..  2002.  Ecological Dynamics on Yellowstone's Northern Range.. The National Acadamy of Science.

Ripple W.J., Rooney T.P., Beschta R.L..  2010.  Large Predators, Deer, and Trophic Cascades in Boreal and Temperate Ecosystems. Trophic Cascades: Predators, Prey, and the Changing Dynamics of Nature, edited by J. Terborgh and J. Estes.. :141-161.

Painter L.E., Beschta R.L., Larsen E.J., Ripple W.J..  2014.  After long-term decline, are aspen recovering in northern Yellowstone? Forest Ecology and Management. 329:108-117.

Ripple W.J., Wolf C., Newsome T.M., Betts M.G., Ceballos G., Courchamp F., Hayward M.W., Van Valkenburgh B., Wallach A.D., Worm B..  2019.  Are we eating the world's megafauna to extinction? Conservation Letters. :e12627.

Beschta R., Ripple W.J..  2013.  Are wolves saving Yellowstone's aspen? A landscape-level test of a behaviorally mediated trophic cascade - Comment Ecology. 94(6):1420-1425.

Larsen E.J., Ripple W.J..  2003.  Aspen age structure in the northern Yellowstone Ecosystem:USA.. Forest Ecology and Management. 179:469-482.

Hollenbeck J.P., Ripple W.J..  2007.  Aspen patch and migratory bird relationships in the northern Yellowstone ecosystem.. Landscape Ecology. 22(9):1411–1425.

Painter L.E., Beschta R.L., Larsen E.J., Ripple W.J..  2018.  Aspen recruitment in the Yellowstone region linked to reduced herbivory after large carnivore restoration. Ecosphere. 9(8):e02376.

Hollenbeck J.P., Ripple W.J..  2007.  Aspen snag dynamics, cavity-nesting birds, and trophic cascades in Yellowstone's northern range.. Forestry Ecology and Management. 255:1095-1103.

Larsen E.J., Ripple W.J..  2005.  Aspen Stand Conditions on Elk Winter Ranges in the Northern Yellowstone Ecosystem, USA.. Natural Areas Journal. 25(4):326-338.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2012.  Berry-producing shrub characteristics following wolf reintroduction in Yellowstone National Park. Forest Ecology and Management. 276:132-138.

Machovina B., Feeley K.J., Ripple W.J..  2015.  Biodiversity conservation: The key is reducing meat consumption. Science of the Total Environment. 536:419-431.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J., Kauffman J.B., Painter L.E..  2020.  Bison limit ecosystem recovery in northern Yellowstone. Food Webs. 23(e00142)

Ripple W.J., Wolf C., Newsome T.M., Hoffmann M., Wirsing A.J., McCauley D.J..  2018.  Both the largest and smallest vertebrates have elevated extinction risk. PNAS. 115(26):E5847-E5848.

Ripple W.J., Abernethy K., Betts M.G., Chapron G., Dirzo R., Galetti M., Levi T., Lindsey P.A., Macdonald D.W., Machovina B. et al..  2016.  Bushmeat hunting and extinction risk to the world's mammals. The Royal Society Open Science.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2019.  Can large carnivores change streams via a trophic cascade? Ecohydrology. 12(1):e2048.

Ripple W.J., Wirsing A.J., Beschta R.L., Buskirk S.W..  2011.  Can Restoring Wolves Aid in Lynx Recovery? Wildlife Society Bulletin. 35(4):514-518.

Hayek MN, Harwatt H, Ripple W.J., Mueller ND.  2021.  The carbon opportunity cost of animal-sourced food production on land. Nature Sustainability. 4:21-24.

Buotte P.C., Law B.E., Ripple W.J., Berner L.T..  2020.  Carbon sequestration and biodiversity co-benefits of preserving forests in the western United States. Ecological Applications. 30(2):e02039.

Newsome T.M., Ripple W.J..  2015.  Carnivore coexistence: Trophic cascades. Science. 347:383-383.

van Eeden LM, Eklund A, Miller J.R.B., Lopez-Bao J.V., Chapron G., Cejtin M.R., Crowther M.S., Dickman C.R., Frank J., Krofel M et al..  2018.  Carnivore conservation needs evidence based livestock protection. PLoS Biol. 16(9):e2005577.

Ripple W.J., Newsome T.M., Wolf C., Dirzo R., Everatt K.T., Galetti M., Hayward M.W., Kerley G.I.H., Levi T., Lindsey P.A. et al..  2015.  Collapse of the world's largest herbivores. Science Advances. 1(4)

Ripple W.J., Smith P., Haberl H., Montzka S.A., McAlpine C., Boucher D.H..  2014.  Commentary: Ruminants, climate change and climate policy. Nature Climate Change. 4:2-5.

Levi T., Hilderbrand G.V., Hocking M.D., Quinn T.P., White K.S., Adams M.S., Armstrong J.B., Crupi A.P., Darimont C.T., Deacy W. et al..  2020.  Community Ecology and Conservation of Bear-Salmon Ecosystems. Front. Ecol. Evol.

Wirsing A.J., Ripple W.J..  2011.  A comparison of shark and wolf research reveals similar behavioral responses by prey. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 9(6):335-341.

Ripple W.J., Chapron G., Lopez-Bao J.V., Durant S.M., Macdonald D.W., Lindsey P.A., Bennett E.L., Beschta R.L..  2017.  Conserving the World's Megafauna and Biodiversity: The Fierce Urgency of Now. Bioscience. 67(3):197-200.

Eisenberg C., Hibbs D.E., Ripple W.J., Salwasser H..  2014.  Context dependence of elk (Cervus elaphus) vigilance and wolf (Canis lupus) predation risk. Can. J. Zool. 92:727-736.

Newsome T.A., Ripple W.J..  2014.  A continental scale trophic cascade from wolves through coyotes to foxes. Journal of Animal Ecology.

Beschta R.L..  2003.  Cottonwoods, elk, and wolves in the Lamar Valley of Yellowstone National Park.. Ecological Applications. 13(5):1295-1309.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2015.  Divergent patterns of riparian cottonwood recovery after the return of wolves in Yellowstone, USA. Ecohydrology. 8:58-66.

Ripple W.J., Newsome T.M., Kerley G.I.H..  2016.  Does Trophy Hunting Support Biodiversity? A Response to Di Minin et al. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 31(7):495-496.

Wolf C., Ripple W.J., Betts M.G., Levi T., Peres C.A..  2019.  Eating plants and planting forests for the climate. Global Change Biology. 25(12):3995-3995.

Newsome T.M., Dellinger J.A., Pavey C.R., Ripple W.J., Shores C.R., Wirsing A.J., Dickman C.R..  2014.  The ecological effects of providing resource subsidies to predators. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 24(1):1-11.

Painter L.E., Ripple W.J..  2012.  Effects of bison on willow and cottonwood in northern Yellowstone National Park. Forest Ecology and Management. 264:150-158.

Eisenberg C., Hibbs D.E., Ripple W.J..  2015.  Effects of predation risk on elk (Cervus elaphus) landscape use in a wolf (Canis lupus) dominated system. Can. J. Zool.. 93:99-111.

Batavia C, Nelson M.P., Darimont C.T., Paquet P.C., Ripple W.J., Wallach A.D..  2018.  The elephant (head) in the room: A critical look at trophy hunting. Conservation Letters. :e12565.

Betts M.G., Wolf C., Pfeifer M., Banks-Leite C., Arroyo-Rodríguez V., Ribeiro D.B., Barlow J., Eigenbrod F., Faria D., Fletcher R.J. et al..  2019.  Extinction filters mediate the global effects of habitat fragmentation on animals. Science. 366:1236–1239.

Ripple W.J., Wolf C., Newsome T.M., Hoffmann M., Wirsing A.J., McCauley D.J..  2017.  Extinction risk is most acute for the world’s largest and smallest vertebrates. PNAS. 114(40):10678–10683.

Halofsky J.S., Ripple W.J..  2008.  Fine-scale predation risk on elk after wolf reintroduction in Yellowstone National Park, USA.. Oecologia/Springer-Verlag. 155:869–877.

Newsome T.M., Boitani L., Chapron G., Ciucci P., Dickman C.R., Dellinger J.A., Lopez-Bao J.V., Peterson R.O., Shores C.R., Wirsing A.J. et al..  2016.  Food habits of the world's grey wolves. Mammal Review. 46:255-269.

Wolf C., Levi T., Ripple W.J., Zárrate-Charry D.A., Betts M.G..  2021.  A forest loss report card for the world’s protected areas. Nat Ecol Evol.

Ingeman KE, Zhao LZ, Wolf C., Williams DR, Ritger AL, Ripple W.J., Kopecky KL, Dillon EM, DiFiore BP, Curtis JS et al..  2022.  Glimmers of hope in large carnivore recoveries. Scientific Reports. 12:10005.

Betts M.G., Wolf C., Ripple W.J., Phalan B., Millers K.A., Duarte A., Butchart S.H.M., Levi T..  2017.  Global forest loss disproportionately erodes biodiversity in intact landscapes. Nature. 547:441–444.

Kemppinen K.M.S., Collins P.M., Hole D.G., Wolf C., Ripple W.J., Gerber L.R..  2020.  Global reforestation and biodiversity conservation. Conservation Biology. 34(5):1221-1228.

Barton B.T., Hill JG, Wolff CL, Newsome T.M., Ripple W.J., Lashley M.A..  2019.  Grasshopper consumption by grey wolves and implications for ecosystems. Ecology. :e02892.

Janeiro-Otero A, Newsome T.M., van Eeden LM, Ripple W.J., Dormann C.F..  2020.  Grey wolf (Canis lupus) predation on livestock in relation to prey availability. Biological Conservation. 243(108433)

Carver S, Convery I, Hawkins S, Beyers R, Eagle A, Kun Z, Van Maanen E, Cao Y, Fisher M, et al..  2021.  Guiding principles for rewilding. Conservation Biology.

Dellinger J.A., Shores C.R., Craig A., Heithaus M.R., Ripple W.J., Wirsing A.J..  2019.  Habitat use of sympatric prey suggests divergent anti‑predator responses to recolonizing gray wolves. Oecologia.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2007.  Hardwood tree decline following large carnivore loss on the Great Plains, USA.. Frontiers in Ecology and Environment. 5(5):241-246.

Ripple W.J., Larsen E.J..  2000.  Historic aspen recruitment, elk, and wolves in northern Yellowstone National Park, USA.. Biological Conservation. 95:361-370.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L., Painter L.E..  2022.  The history of cougars in Yellowstone National Park. Western North American Naturalist. 82(4):752–759.

Cromsight J., Kuijper D.P.J., Adam M., Beschta R.L., Churski M., Eycott A., Kerley G.I.H., Mysterud A., Schmidt K., West K..  2013.  Hunting for fear: innovating management of human-wildlife conflicts. Journal of Applied Ecology. 50(3):544-549.

Sarasola J.H., Zanón-Martínez J.I., Costán A.S., Ripple W.J..  2016.  Hypercarnivorous apex predator could provide ecosystem services by dispersing seeds. Scientific Reports. 6

Valkenburgh B.V., Hayward M.W., Ripple W.J., Meloro C., Roth V.L..  2015.  The impact of large terrestrial carnivores on Pleistocene ecosystems. PNAS. 113(4):862-867.

Oksanen T., Oksanen L., Vuorinen K.E.M., Wolf C., Mäkynen A., Olofsson J., Ripple W.J., Virtanen R., Utsi T.A..  2020.  The impact of thermal seasonality on terrestrial endotherm food web dynamics: a revision of the Exploitation Ecosystem Hypothesis. Ecography. 43(12):1859-1877.

Dellinger J.A., Shores C.R., Marsh M., Heithaus M.R., Ripple W.J., Wirsing A.J..  2018.  Impacts of recolonizing gray wolves (Canis lupus) on survival and mortality in two sympatric ungulates. Can. J. Zool.. 96:760–768.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2007.  Increased Willow Heights along northern Yellowstone's Blacktail Deer Creek following wolf reintroduction.. Western North American Naturalist. 67(4):613-617.

Buck JC, Ripple W.J..  2017.  Infectious Agents Trigger Trophic Cascades. Trends in Ecology & Evolution.

Lundgren E.J., Ramp D., Ripple W.J., Wallach A.D..  2018.  Introduced megafauna are rewilding the Anthropocene. Ecography. 41(6):857-866.

Wallach A.D., Lundgren E.J., Ripple W.J., Ramp D..  2018.  Invisible megafauna. Conservation Biology.

Laundre J.W., Hernandez L., Ripple W.J..  2010.  The Landscape of Fear: Ecological Implications of Being Afraid. The Open Ecology Journal. 3:1-7.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2020.  Large carnivore extirpation linked to loss of overstory aspen in Yellowstone. Food Webs. :e00140.

Ripple W.J., Miller S.D., Schoen J.W., Rabinowitch S.P..  2019.  Large carnivores under assault in Alaska. PLoS Biol. 17(1):e3000090.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2009.  Large predators and trophic cascades in terrestrial ecosystems of the western United States. Biological Conservation. 142:2401-2414.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2012.  Large predators limit herbivore densities in northern forest ecosystems. Eur J Wildl Res. 58(4)

Wolf C., Betts M.G., Levi T., Newsome T.M., Ripple W.J..  2018.  Large species within carnivora are large carnivores. Royal Society Open Science. 5:181228.

Letnic M., Ripple W.J..  2017.  Large-scale responses of herbivore prey to canid predators and primary productivity. Global Ecol Biogeogr.

Halofsky J., Ripple W.J..  2008.  Linkages between wolf presence and aspen recruitment in the Gallatin elk winter range of southwestern Montana, USA.. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research. 81(2):195-207.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2006.  Linking a cougar decline, trophic cascade, and catastrophic regime shift in Zion National Park.. Biological Conservation. 133:397-408.

Ripple W.J., Valkenburgh B.V..  2010.  Linking Top-down Forces to the Pleistocene Megafaunal Extinctions. BioScience. 60(7):516-526.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2005.  Linking Wolves and Plants: Aldo Leopold on Trophic Cascades.. BioScience. 55(7):613-621.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2006.  Linking wolves to willows via risk-sensitive foraging by ungulates in the northern Yellowstone ecosystem.. Forest Ecology and Management. 230(1-3):96-106.

Beschta R.L., Painter L.E., Levi T., Ripple W.J..  2016.  Long-term aspen dynamics, trophic cascades, and climate in northern Yellowstone National Park. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 46:548-556.

van Eeden LM, Crowther M.S., Dickman C.R., Macdonald D.W., Ripple W.J., Ritchie E.G., Newsome T.M..  2018.  Managing conflict between large carnivores and livestock. Conservation Biology. 32(1):26-34.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2010.  Mexican wolves, elk, and aspen in Arizona: Is there a trophic cascade? Forest Ecology and Management. 260:915-922.

Larsen T., Ripple W.J..  2006.  Modeling Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) Habitat in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A.. Journal of Conservation Planning. 2:17-33.

Newsome T.M., Barton B.T., Buck JC, DeBruyn J, Spencer E, Ripple W.J., Barton PS.  2021.  Monitoring the dead as an ecosystem indicator. Ecology and Evolution. 11(11):5844-5856.

Peters R., et al.  2018.  Nature Divided, Scientists United: US–Mexico Border Wall Threatens Biodiversity and Binational Conservation. Bioscience.

Hayward M.W., Ripple W.J., Kerley G.I.H., Landman M., Plotz R.D., Garnett S.T..  2017.  Neocolonial Conservation: Is Moving Rhinos to Australia Conservation or Intellectual Property Loss. Conservation Letters.

Newsome T.M., Fleming P.J.S., Dickman C.R., Doherty TS, Ripple W.J., Ritchie E.G., Wirsing A.J..  2017.  A New Dog. BioScience. 67(4):374-381.

Lundgren E.J., Ramp D., Middleton O.S., Wooster E.I.F., Kusch E., Balisi M., Ripple W.J., Hasselerharm C.D., Sanchez J.N., Mills M et al..  2022.  A novel trophic cascade between cougars and feral donkeys shapes desert wetlands. Journal of Animal Ecology.

Wallach A.D., Ripple W.J., Carroll S.P..  2015.  Novel trophic cascades: apex predators enable coexistence. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 30:146-153.

Courchamp F., Jaric I., Albert C, Meinard Y., Ripple W.J., Chapron G..  2018.  The paradoxical extinction of the most charismatic animals. PLoS Biol. 16(4):e2003997.

Virgos E, Lozano J., Cabezas-Dı´az S., Macdonald D.W., Zalewski A., Atienza J.C., Proulx G., Ripple W.J., Rosalino L.M., Santos-Reis M. et al..  2016.  A poor international standard for trap selectivity threatens carnivore conservation. Biodivers Conserv.

Holm S.R., Noon B.R, Wiens J.D, Ripple W.J.  2016.  Potential trophic cascades triggered by the barred owl range expansion. The Wildlife Society Bulletin. 40(4):615-624.

Dellinger J.A., Shores C.R., Craig A., Kachel S.M., Heithaus M.R., Ripple W.J., Wirsing A.J..  2022.  Predators reduce niche overlap between sympatric prey. Oikos.

Wolf C., Ripple W.J..  2016.  Prey depletion as a threat to the world's large carnivores. Royal Society Open Science.

Laliberte A.S., Ripple W.J..  2004.  Range Contractions of North American Carnivores and Ungulates.. BioScience. 54(2):123-138.

Wolf C., Ripple W.J..  2017.  Range contractions of the world’s large carnivores. R. Soc. open sci.. 4(170052)

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2005.  Rapid Assessment of Riparian Cottonwood Recruitment: Middle Fork John Day River, Northeastern Oregon.. Ecological Restoration. 23(3):150-156.

Halofsky J.S., Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2008.  Recoupling fire and aspen recruitment after wolf reintroduction in Yellowstone National Park, USA. Forest Ecology and Management. 256:1004-1008.

Painter L.E., Beschta R.L., Larsen E.J., Ripple W.J..  2015.  Recovering aspen follow changing elk dynamics in Yellowstone: evidence of a trophic cascade? Ecology. 96(1):252-263.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2010.  Recovering Riparian Plant Communities with Wolves in Northern Yellowstone, USA. Restoration Ecology. 18(3):380-389.

Beschta R.L..  2005.  Reduced Cottonwood Recruitment Following Extirpation of Wolves in Yellowstone's Northern Range.. Ecology. 86(2):391-403.

Swain M, Blomqvist L, McNamara J, Ripple W.J..  2017.  Reducing the environmental impact of global diets. Science of the Total Environment. 610-611:1207–1209.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2005.  Refugia from browsing as reference sites for restoration planning.. Western North American Naturalist. 65(2):269-273.

Lindsey P.A., Chapron G., Petracca L.S., Burnham D., Hayward M.W., Henschel P., Hinks A.E., Garnett S.T., Macdonald D.W., Macdonald E.A. et al..  2017.  Relative efforts of countries to conserve world’s megafauna. Global Ecology and Conservation. 10:243–252.

Newsome T.M., Ballard G.A., Crowther M.S., Dellinger J.A., Fleming P.J.S., Glen A.S., Greenville A.C., Johnson C.N., Letnic M., Moseby K.E. et al..  2015.  Resolving the value of the dingo in ecological restoration. Restoration Ecology. 23(3):201-208.

Batchelor J.L., Ripple W.J., Wilson T.M., Painter L.E..  2015.  Restoration of Riparian Areas Following the Removal of Cattle in the Northwestern Great Basin. Environmental Management. 55(4):930–942.

Manning A.D., Gordon I.J., Ripple W.J..  2009.  Restoring landscapes of fear with wolves in the Scottish Highlands. Biological Conservation.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2007.  Restoring Yellowstone's aspen with wolves.. Biological Conservation. 138:514-519.

Everatt K.T., Andresen L., Ripple W.J., Kerley G.I.H..  2016.  Rhino poaching may cause atypical trophic cascades. Frontiers in Ecology and Environment. 14:65-67.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2016.  Riparian vegetation recovery in Yellowstone: The first two decades after wolf reintroduction. Biological Conservation. 198:93-103.

Prugh L.R., Stoner C.J., Epps C.W., Bean W.T., Ripple W.J., Laliberte A.S., Brashares J.S..  2009.  The Rise of the Mesopredator. Bioscience. 59(9):779-791.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2006.  River channel dynamics following extirpation of wolves in northwestern Yellowstone National Park,USA.. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. 31:1525-1539.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2012.  The role of large predators in maintaining riparian plant communities and river morphology. Geomorphology. 157-158:88-98.

Ripple W.J., Larsen E.J..  2001.  The Role of Postfire Coarse Woody Debris in Aspen Regeneration.. Western North American Naturalist. 16(2):61-64.

Ripple W.J., Wolf C., Galetti M., Newsome T.M., Green T.L., Alamgir M, Crist E, Mahmoud M.I., Laurance W.F..  2018.  The Role of Scientists’ Warning in Shifting Policy from Growth to Conservation Economy. Bioscience. 68(4):239-240.

Rosenblatt A.E., Heithaus M.R., Mather M.E., Matich P., Nifong J.C., Ripple W.J., Silliman. B.R..  2013.  The Roles of Large Top Predators in Coastal Ecosystems: New Insights from Long Term Ecological Research. Oceanography. 26(3):156-167.

Ripple W.J., Meijaard E., Newsome T.M..  2018.  Saving the World with Satire: A Response to Chapron et al.. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 33(7):483-484.

Ripple W.J., Chapron G., Lopez-Bao J.V., Durant S.M., Macdonald D.W., Lindsey P.A., Bennett E.L., Beschta R.L., Bruskotter J.T., Campos-Arceiz A. et al..  2016.  Saving the World's Terrestrial Megafauna. BioScience. 66(10):807-812.

Harwatt H, Ripple W.J., Chaudhary A, Betts M.G., Hayek MN.  2019.  Scientists call for renewed Paris pledges to transform agriculture. The Lancet Planetary Health.

Heleno R.H., Ripple W.J., Traveset A.  2020.  Scientists’ warning on endangered food webs. Web Ecology. 20:1-10.

Albert JS, Destouni G, Duke-Sylvester SM, Magurran AE, Oberdorff T, Reis RE, Winemiller KO, Ripple W.J..  2020.  Scientists’ warning to humanity on the freshwater biodiversity crisis. Ambio.

Gordon C.E., Eldridge D.J., Ripple W.J., Crowther M.S., Moore B.D., Letnic M..  2016.  Shrub encroachment is linked to extirpation of an apex predator. Journal of Animal Ecology. 86(1):147-157.

Greenville A.C., Newsome T.M., Wardle G.M., Dickman C.R., Ripple W.J., Murray B.R..  2020.  Simultaneously operating threats cannot predict extinction risk. Conservation Letters. e12758

Brown C, Rinaldi CE, Ripple W.J., Van Valkenburgh B..  2020.  Skeletal and Dental Development Preserve Evidence of Energetic Stress in the Moose of Isle Royale. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution.

Millward L.S., Wilson T.M., Weldy M.J., Rowland M.M., Duarte A., Lesmeister D.B., Ripple W.J..  2022.  Small mammal relative abundance within riparian ecosystems of the Blue Mountains. Forest Ecology and Management. 505

Ripple W.J., Wolf C., Newsome T.M., Hoffmann M., Wirsing A.J., McCauley D.J..  2017.  Smallest terrestrial vertebrates are highly imperiled. PNAS.

Malcom J, Schwartz M.W., Evansen M., Ripple W.J., Polasky S., Gerber L.R., Lovejoy T.E., Talbot L.M., Miller J.R.B..  2019.  Solve the biodiversity crisis with funding. Science. 365(6459):1256.

Ripple W.J., Estes J.A., Beschta R.L., Wilmers C.C., Ritchie E.G., Hebblewhite M., Berger J., Elmhagen B., Letnic M., Nelson M.P et al..  2014.  Status and Ecological Effects of the World's Largest Carnivores. Science. 343(6167)

Harwatt H, Sabate J, Eshel G, Soret S, Ripple W.J..  2017.  Substituting beans for beef as a contribution toward US climate change targets. Climatic Change.

Painter L.E., Tercek MT.  2020.  Tall willow thickets return to northern Yellowstone. Ecosphere. 11(5):e03115.

Shackelford N, Standish R.J., Ripple W.J., Starzomski B.M..  2018.  Threats to biodiversity from cumulative human impacts in one of North America's last wildlife frontiers. Conservation Biology. 32(3):672-684.

Newsome T.M., Greenville A.C., Cirovic D, Dickman C.R., Johnson C.N., Krofel M, Letnic M., Ripple W.J., Ritchie E.G., Stoyanov S et al..  2017.  Top predators constrain mesopredator distributions. Nature Communications. 8(15469)

Sergio F., Schmitz O.J., Krebs C.J., Holt R.D., Heithaus M.R., Wirsing A.J., Ripple W.J., Ritchie E., Ainley D., Oro D. et al..  2014.  Towards a cohesive, holistic view of top predation: a definition, synthesis and perspective. Oikos Journal. 123:1234-1243.

McAlpine C.A., Seabrook L.M., Ryan J.G., Feeney B.J., Ripple W.J., Ehrlich A.H., Ehrlich P.R..  2015.  Transformational change: creating a safe operating space for humanity. Ecology and Society. 20(1)

Ripple W.J., Larsen E.J., Renkin R.A., Smith D.W..  2001.  Trophic Cascades among wolves, elk and aspen on Yellowstone National Park's northern range.. Biological Conservation. 102:227-234.

Beschta R.L., Painter L.E., Ripple W.J..  2018.  Trophic cascades at multiple spatial scales shape recovery of young aspen in Yellowstone. Forest Ecology and Management. 413:62-69.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L., Painter L.E..  2015.  Trophic cascades from wolves to alders in Yellowstone. Forest Ecology and Management. 354:254-260.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L., Fortin J.K., Robbins C.T..  2013.  Trophic cascades from wolves to grizzly bears in Yellowstone. Journal of Animal Ecology. 83(1):223-233.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2012.  Trophic cascades in Yellowstone: The first 15 years after wolf reintroduction. Biological Conservation. 145:205-213.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2008.  Trophic cascades involving cougar, mule deer, and black oaks in Yosemite National Park. Biological Conservation. 141(5):1249-1256.

Miller B.J., Harlow H.J., Harlow T.S., Biggins D., Ripple W.J..  2012.  Trophic cascades linking wolves (Canis lupus), coyotes (Canis latrans), and small mammals. Can. J. Zool.. 90:70-78.

Estes J.A., Terborgh J., Brashares J.S., Power M.E., Berger J., Bond W.J., Carpenter S.R., Essington T.E., Holt R.D., Jackson J.B.C. et al..  2011.  Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth. Science. 333:301-306.

Bradshaw C.J.A., Ehrlich P.R., Beattie A., Ceballos G., Crist E, Diamond J., Dirzo R., Ehrlich A.H., Harte J., Harte M.E. et al..  2021.  Underestimating the Challenges of Avoiding a Ghastly Future. Front. Conserv. Sci.

Johns D, Terborgh J., Estes J.A., Foreman D, Miller B.J., Noss R, Soule M.E., Ripple W.J..  2017.  We Need a Biologically Sound North American Conservation Plan. Bioscience.

Ripple W.J., Estes J.A., Schmitz O.J., Constant V., Kaylor M.J., Lenz A., Motley J.L., Self K.E., Taylor D.S., Wolf andC.  2016.  What is a Trophic Cascade? Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 31(11):824-849.

Wallach A.D., Izhaki I., Toms J.D., Ripple W.J., Shanas U..  2015.  What is an apex predator? Oikos. 124(11):1453-1461.

Newsome T.M., Bruskotter J.T., Ripple W.J..  2015.  When shooting a coyote kills a wolf: Mistaken identity or misguided management? Biodivers Conserv. 24(12)

Ripple W.J., Wirsing A.J., Wilmers C.C., Letnic M..  2013.  Widespread mesopredator effects after wolf extirpation. Biological Conservation. 160:70-79.

Laliberte A.S., Ripple W.J..  2003.  Wildlife Encounters by Lewis and Clark: A Spatial Analysis of Interactions between Native Americans and Wildlife.. BioScience. 53(10):994-1003.

Gray T.N.E., Hughes A.C., Laurance W.F., Long B., Lynam A.J., O'Kelly H., Ripple W.J., Seng T., Scotson L., Wilkinson N.M..  2018.  The wildlife snaring crisis: an insidious and pervasive threat to biodiversity in Southeast Asia. Biodivers Conserv. 27:1031–1037.

Gray T.N.E., Lynam A.J., Seng T., Laurance W.F., Long B., Scotson L., Ripple W.J..  2017.  Wildlife-snaring crisis in Asian forests. Science. 355(6322):255-256.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2005.  Willow thickets protect young aspen from elk browsing after wolf reintroduction.. Western North American Naturalist. 65(1):118-122.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2003.  Wolf reintroduction, predation risk, and cottonwood recovery in Yellowstone National Park.. Forest Ecology and Management. 184:299-313.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2018.  Wolf-triggered trophic cascades and stream channel dynamics in Olympic National Park: a comment on East et al.. Earth Surf. Process. Landforms.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2004.  Wolves and the Ecology of Fear: Can Predation Risk Structure Ecosystems? BioScience. 54(8):755-766.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2007.  Wolves, elk, and aspen in the winter range of Jasper National Park, Canada.. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 37:1873-1885.

Ripple W.J., Painter L.E., Beschta R.L., Gates C.C..  2010.  Wolves, Elk, Bison, and Secondary Trophic Cascades in Yellowstone National Park. The Open Ecology Journal. 3:31-37.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L..  2004.  Wolves, elk, willows, and trophic cascades in the upper Gallatin Range of Southwestern Montana, USA.. Forest Ecology and Management. 200:161-181.

Ripple W.J., Beschta R.L., Fortin J.K., Robbins C.T..  2015.  Wolves trigger a trophic cascade to berries as alternative food for grizzly bears. Journal of Animal Ecology. 84:652-654.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2008.  Wolves, trophic cascades, and rivers in the Olympic National Park, USA. Ecohydrology. 1:118-130.

Ripple W.J., Wolf C., Newsome T.M., Barnard P, Moomaw WR.  2020.  World Scientists’ Warning of a Climate Emergency. BioScience. 70(1):8–12.

Ripple W.J., Wolf C., Newsome T.M., Galetti M., Alamgir M, Crist E, Mahmoud M.I., Laurance W.F..  2017.  World Scientists’ Warning to Humanity: A Second Notice. Bioscience.

Beschta R.L., Ripple W.J..  2019.  Yellowstone’s Prehistoric Bison: A Comment on Keigley (2019). Rangelands. 41(3):149-151.

Halofsky J.S..  2007.  Evidence of a Trophic Cascade among Wolves, Elk, and Aspen in Yellowstone National Park, USA.. Dissertation

Hollenbeck J.P..  2006.  Multi-scale Relationships Between Aspen and Birds in the Northern Yellowstone Ecosystem..

Painter L.E..  2013.  Trophic Cascades and Large Mammals in the Yellowstone Ecosystem.

Larsen E.J., Ripple W.J..  1997.  Remote Sensing of Aspen Change in Northern Yellowstone National Park..